Dec 03, 2017 formation damage caused during the drilling process and during the completion which is influenced by the drilling fluid. Drilling induced formation damage wells have to be. And some of these problems, even if they dont completely suspend the drilling process, jeopardize subsequent logging, completion and production. A simple nmr methodology for evaluating filter cake properties and drilling fluidinduced formation damage article pdf available october 2019 with 54 reads how we measure reads. Formation damage due to drilling and fracturing fluids is likely different in the lowpermeability sandstone with welldeveloped natural fractures. Pdf permeability reduction due to formation damage by drilling. Quantification of uncertainties for drilling induced. Drilling induced formation damage wells have to be drilled as fast as possible for economic reasons.
Natural or induced production impairments that can develop in the reservoir, the nearwellbore area or the perforations. This page discusses the formation damage that may be associated with various types of drilling fluids. Removal of formation damage induced by drilling and. Formation damage causing rockfluid interactions bennion and thomas, 1994 1. Northern territory geological survey, record 2004007.
Pdf evaluation of formation damage and assessment of well. However, uncertainties in the prediction of productivity loss need to be investigated. Drilling and fracturing fluids can interact with reservoir rock and cause formation damage that impedes hydrocarbon production. It is shown that mechanical agitation provided by the acoustic waves effectively resuspends the paraffin and restores the effective permeability of the core to oil to its.
Analysis of formation damage during the drilling of horizontal wells. Formation damage makes many producing oil zones to be feasibly. It uses a slowly rotating typically jun 28, 2015 american rock mechanics association june 28, 2015 fracturing experiments were conducted on cylindrical berea sandstone samples using syntheticbased mud sbm with a new experimental setup ut mudfrac. A growing recognition of the importance of drilling induced formation damage has led to the use of drillin fluids fluids used to drill through the pay zone that. For such a type of rock matrix, natural fractures may serve as the primary pathway for hydrocarbon to flow into the hydraulic fractures and then the wellbore. Formation damage caused during the drilling process and during the completion which is influenced by the drilling fluid.
Formation damage is an undesirable operational and economic problem that can occur during the various phases of oil and gas recovery from subsurface reservoirs including drilling, production, hydraulic frac. Pdf formation damage caused by oilwell drilling fluids. Numerous studies have been carried out on formation damage in vertical wells but less investigation was. In terms of standard, there are three main steps by which the formation damage can be indicated figure 1. Drilling fluids serve to balance formation pressures while drilling to ensure wellbore stability. Effect of formation cuttings mechanical properties on. A growing recognition of the importance of drilling induced formation damage has led to the use of drillin fluids fluids used to drill through the pay zone that minimize formation damage. The course is aimed at production, drilling and reservoir engineers, simulation and laboratory specialists involved in waterflooding, pwri, well stimulation and eor.
How drilling induced formation damage and acid stimulation affects carbonates productivity in highly deviated. Reservoir formation damage, third edition, provides the latest information on the economic problems that can occur during various phases of oil and gas recovery from subsurface reservoirs, including production, drilling, hydraulic fracturing, and workover operations. Tight sandstone reservoir with welldeveloped natural fractures has a complex pore structure where pores and pore throats have a wide range of diameters. Mud induced formation damage in fractured reservoirs onepetro. Background the two important parameters that have been widely studied and which characterize the ionic conditions of the permeating fluid are. Reservoir conditions core flood tests have been carried out to. This book investigates the limits of formation damage encountered with the various types of drilling fluids components. The underbalanced drilling is an alternative way of drilling oil and gas wells, where the pressure in the wellbore is kept lower than the fluid pressure. Outward compression and strengthening of the wellbore. Mechanisms of formation damage and permeability impairment. Pdf evaluation of formation damage and assessment of.
Common formation damage mechanisms bennion, 1999, bennion and thomas, 1991, bishop, 1997 4. This paper discusses two elements of drilling induced formation damage. Formation damage is defined as the impairment to reservoir reduced production caused by wellbore fluids used during drilling completion and workover operations. This paper proposes the skin effect of the machininginduced damage at high strain rates. Mechanisms of formation damage and permeability impairment associated with the drilling, completion and production of low api gravity oil reservoirs d.
Producing formation damage has been defined as the impairment of the unseen by the inevitable, causing an unknown reduction in the unquantifiable. This wedging process squeezes the formation outward, around the perimeter of the wellbore. Pressure gauges have been installed downhole to monitor the well during the pressure buildup phase. Formation damage due to drilling and fracturing fluids and. The course shows how the developed formation damage skills are applied in well drilling, completion, fracturing and acidising. Jul 07, 2017 additives used in drilling mud systems can influence mudcake erosional characteristics. Formation damage is defined as the impairment to reservoir reduced production caused by wellbore fluids used during drillingcompletion and workover operations. The impact of nanoparticles geometry and particle size on.
Bietz hycal energy research laboratories ltd abstract 9, formation damage issues peculiar to the drilling and. Drilling induced formation damage stress and temperature. The challenge of lost circulation drilling a well is the most common way to access oil and gas resources and geothermal reservoirs. Abstract 9, formation damage issues peculiar to the drilling and completion of horizontal wells in heavy oil producing mnes. It is a zone of reduced permeability within the vicinity of the wellbore skin as a result of foreignfluid invasion into the reservoir rock. Spe 60325 formation damage processes reducing productivity of. Exploration and appraisal drilling update april 2019 1 asx. Spe 60325 formation damage processes reducing prodlk. Quantification of uncertainties for drilling induced formation damage authors yu ding. Formation damage seems to be inevitable and it is costing your company money.
Visualisation of drillinginduced formation damage mechanisms. Define the method of gas injection down the drill pipe. To increase the penetration rate, it is appealing to reduce the fluid loss or control the drilling fluid. Experiments were conducted that evaluate the feasibility of using high intensity acoustic sources to remove near wellbore formation damage caused by organic deposits paraffins and asphaltenes and polymers hec. Formation damage induced by formate drilling fluids in gas. Ultrasonic removal of organic deposits and polymer induced. Applications drilling mud invasion, injectivity of wells, sanding and gravelpack damage, and inorganic. These primary considerations do not include well productivity concerns. Jun 07, 2016 formation damage presentation group f 1. It is a zone of reduced permeability within the vicinity of the wellbore skin as a result of foreignfluid invasion into. How drilling induced formation deviateddamage and acid stimulation affects carbonates productivity in highly wells.
Drilling cfrps involve penetrating through several plies of laminate, which causes high stresses and strains in the vicinity of the drilled hole. Alteration of porous media and particle surface absorption, adsorption, wettability change, and swelling. Applicationsdrilling mud invasion, injectivity of wells, sanding and gravelpack damage, and inorganic. In this paper, the impact of three parameters including nanoparticles geometry, particles aggregation and borehole inclination on induced formation damage from water based drilling fluids were investigated by means of experimental studies. Evaluation of horizontal well performance after drilling. Summary a set of experiments was completed that clearly shows that drilling muds can cause large irreversible damage to fractures and dramatically reduce the. Abstract it has been widely recognized that formation damage due to drilling fluid has a huge impact on well productivities.
Several injection cycles were carried out on each rock sample to measure the fracture initiation pressure fip and the stable fracture propagation pressure fpp at. Some formation damaging mechanisms that may occur while acidizing. The degree of formation damage can be studied using a numerical model. Pdf a simple nmr methodology for evaluating filter cake. Tmty of low permeability reservoirs 3 occurring insitu particulates within the pore system caused by high interstitial fluid velocities induced by differential pressure gradients. Record northern territory geological survey issn 14431149 bibliography isbn 0 7245 7085 3 keywords. It has been widely recognized that formation damage due to drilling fluid has a huge impact on well productivities.
Formation damage can be caused by many operational factors such as clay swelling, fine migration and deposition, particle invasion, and plugging during drilling operations. Reservoir formation damage, second edition fundamentals, modeling, assessment, and mitigation by faruk civan, ph. Evaluation of formation damage and assessment of well productivity of oredo field, edo state, nigeria. Drilling mud pressure is usually maintained above formation pressure to prevent the reservoir fluid from flowing into wellbore, which can cause well blowout conditions. Request pdf formation damage induced by formate drilling fluids in gas bearing reservoirs. Evaluation of formation damage and assessment of well.
Modelling biofilminduced formation damage and biocide. Experimental data will also improve model predictions of biofilm induced formation damage. However, uncertainties in the prediction of productiv. Accordingly, we designed a dynamic filtration setup capable to rotate and change well inclination. In a different context, formation damage is defined as the impairment to reservoir reduced production caused by wellbore fluids used during drillingcompletion and workover operations. The properties such as high strength and stiffness, low weight, excellent fatigue and corrosion resistance have made them a useful material for lightweight applications. Formation damage removal through acidizing of an oil well. Load fluid and drilling mud additive compatibility. The advantage of underbalanced drilling is that it reduces formation damage in reservoirs. The economic production of heavy oil reservoirs requires an indepth understanding of the specific mechanisms of fonnation damage which are unique to these types of formations. Irina baca espinoza1, salem mostafaaljaberi1, jean marrauld1, mohamed amer1, chris b. The experimental investigation of formation damage due to the induced flocculation of clays within a sandstone pore structure by a high salinity brine, spe 38156 paper, presented at the 1997 spe european formation damage conference, the hague, the netherlands, june 23 1997, pp. Our future research focus includes an indepth investigation into finding the best operational protocols for effective control and minimization of formation damage associated with engineered biofilm growth in layered systems.
The introduction of bacterial agents during drilling and completion is a major concern as problems associated with bacterial growth in porous media can be of a delayed yet significant onset. Minimizing formation damage that occurs during conventional drilling is. It is shown that mechanical agitation provided by the acoustic waves effectively resuspends the paraffin and restores the effective permeability of the core to oil to its undamaged. The course is aimed at production, drilling and reservoir engineers, simulation and laboratory specialists involved in. A simple nmr methodology for evaluating filter cake. A nonerodible mudcake on the borehole wall reduces drillingfluidinduced formation damage. Experimental results indicate that the drilling fluid causes the major damage, and the chosen. Evaluation of horizontal well performance after drillinginduced formation damage article in journal of energy resources technology 1273 september 2005 with 18 reads how we measure reads. Initiation and propagation of drilling induced fractures. Formation damage caused by inappropriate drilling, completion, workover and production schemes is a major cost to the oil and gas industry worldwide. The use of composite materials such as carbon fiberreinforced plastic cfrp has grown considerably in recent years, especially in aerospace, automotive, sports and construction industries. Incremental recovery due to wettability alteration and additional sweep due to induced damage.
However, the effect of cuttings mechanical properties. Formation damage impairs well deliverability, injectivity, drainage efficiency, and ultimately hydrocarbon recovery. The drilling engineer traditionally designs drilling fluids with two primary goals in mind. Evaluate the formationdamage potential of drilling fluids. Open hole rotary drilling is widely used in petroleum and minerals exploration.
This will assist in evaluating the contingent resources in the. Damage induced by drilling and completion fluids exists in the majority of oil and gas wells and generally occurs at the first stage of well production, resulting in great. Remedial work was performed to restore the oil bearing formation characteristics. The various types of drilling may be classified according to the holemaking action and the hole cleaning method. The spe international conference and exhibition on formation damage control covers challenges and remedies for all things related to the identification, prevention, and remediation of formation damage. In drilling operations, the fine drilled cutting are mixed with the drilling fluid. Drilling, core drilling, diamond drilling, drilling problems, rc drilling, slim hole drilling, stratigraphic drilling, wire line drilling, drilling equipment, drilling. Quantifying the degree of existing formation damage. They also carry cuttings to the surface and cool the bit. Additives used in drillingmud systems can influence mudcake erosional characteristics. The objective of this book can be summarized in the following points. Formation damage due to colloidally induced fines migration. Results from laboratory tests are presented and discussed, together with theoretical calculations. To mitigate formation damage due to the waterinoil drilling mud, it has been found that.
Lab and field studies formatebased drillin fluid was used. Causes of formation damage include fines migration, scaling, gas blockage associated with production, mineral precipitation and microbial biomass generation. The skin effect of subsurface damage distribution in. Major problems associated with bacterially induced damage would include. A nonerodible mudcake on the borehole wall reduces drilling fluid induced formation damage. Drilling emulsion block, wettability change, mud damage, mechanical damage. In a different context, formation damage is defined as the impairment to reservoir reduced production caused by wellbore fluids used during drilling completion and workover operations. This paper discusses two elements of drillinginduced formation damage. Bietz hycal energy research laboratories ltd abstract 9, formation damage issues peculiar to. As a result, the properties of the drilling fluid, such as density and rheological properties, will change based on the cutting properties. Exploration and appraisal drilling update april 2019 1. Pressure imbalances occur in certain drilling scenarios.
Previous studies investigated the effect of rock type with different loadings on the drilling fluid properties. Causes of formation damage and guidelines for remadial. Maalouf1 1 admaopco, abu dhabi, united arab emirates abstract. Formation damage overview professor dr abdel sattar dahab petroleum engineering department cairo university 1 the. Visualisation of drillinginduced formation damage mechanisms using. Proper design of drilling and drillin fluids is extremely important to control spurt and fluid invasion to minimize formation damage. American rock mechanics association june 28, 2015 fracturing experiments were conducted on cylindrical berea sandstone samples using syntheticbased mud sbm with a new experimental setup ut mudfrac. Formation damage due to colloidally induced fines migration r. Horizontal drilling is a special application of directional drilling. As a drillbit penetrates a petroleum bearing formation, the drilling mud invades the formation due to the positive differential pressure.
Whether formation damage can be prevented, removed economically, or must be accepted as the price for drilling and producing a well will depend upon many factors. Stressinduced formation damage, sanding tendency, and prediction 814 introduction, 814. Formation damage due to drilling and fracturing fluids and its. Formation damage, as defined by the society of petroleum engineers, is the reduction in reservoir permeability resulting from infiltration of drilling or treating fluids into the area adjacent to the wellbore. Mobilization, migration, and deposition of fine particles internal or external 2. Phase trapping and blocking water entrapment in gas reservoirs 5. Thus, the machining process not only affects the overall hole quality but also initiates discrete damage phenomena such as microcracking, matrix burning. Natural damage occurs as produced reservoir fluids move through the reservoir, while induced damage is the result of external operations and fluids in the well, such as drilling, well completion, workover operations or stimulation treatments.